Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezijwayelekile zama-elastic sealant engxenye eyodwa esebenzayo emakethe, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo ye-silicone ne-polyurethane sealant. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-elastic sealants zinomehluko emaqenjini azo asebenzayo asebenzayo kanye nezakhiwo zamaketango ezilashiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukulinganiselwa okungaphezulu noma okuncane ezingxenyeni zayo ezisebenzayo nezinkambu. Lapha, sethula izindlela zokwelapha zama-elastic sealant avamile engxenye eyodwa futhi siqhathanise izinzuzo nezinkinga zezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-elastic sealant, ukuze sijulise ukuqonda kwethu futhi senze izinqumo ezifanele ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo.
1. Indlela evamile yokwelapha yengxenye eyodwa esebenzayo yokuqinisa isivalo
Izigxivizo ezinwebekayo ezisebenzayo ezinengxenye eyodwa ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa: i-silicone (SR), i-polyurethane (PU), i-silyl-terinated modified polyurethane (SPU), i-silyl-terminated polyether (MS),I-prepolymer inamaqembu asebenzayo ahlukene kanye nezindlela zokusabela ezihlukene zokuphulukisa.
1.1Indlela yokwelapha ye-silicone elastomer sealant
Umfanekiso 1. Indlela yokwelapha ye-silicone sealant
Uma kusetshenziswa ama-silicone sealants, i-prepolymer isabela ngamanani omkhondo womswakamo emoyeni bese iqina noma ivuvuke ngaphansi kwesenzo se-catalyst. I-by-products yizinto ezincane zamangqamuzana. Umshini uboniswa kuMfanekiso 1. Ngokwezinto ezincane ezihlukene zamangqamuzana ezikhishwe ngesikhathi sokwelapha, i-silicone sealant ingabuye ihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-deacidification, uhlobo lwe-deketoxime, kanye nohlobo lwe-dealcoholization. Izinzuzo kanye nokubi zalezi zinhlobo zeglue ye-silicone kufinyezwa kuThebula 1.
Ithebula 1.Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinzuzo kanye nokubi kwezinhlobo eziningana zokunamathisela abicah
1.2 Indlela yokwelapha ye-polyurethane elastic sealant
Ingxenye eyodwa ye-polyurethane sealant (PU) iwuhlobo lwe-polymer equkethe izingxenye ze-urethane eziphindaphindayo (-NHCOO-) ochungechungeni oluyinhloko lwe-molecule. Indlela yokwelapha iwukuthi i-isocyanate isabela emanzini ukuze yakhe i-carbamate ephakathi engazinzile, ebese ibola ngokushesha ukuze ikhiqize i-CO2 ne-amine, bese i-amine isabela nge-isocyanate eyeqile ohlelweni, futhi ekugcineni yakha i-elastomer enesakhiwo senethiwekhi. Ifomula yayo yokusabela yokwelapha imi kanje:
Umfanekiso 1.Ukwelapha indlela yokusabela ye-polyurethane sealant
1.3 Indlela yokwelapha ye-silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Umfanekiso 3. Indlela yokusabela yokwelapha ye-silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Ngenxa yokushiyeka okuthile kwama-polyurethane sealants, i-polyurethane isanda kuguqulwa nge-silane ukuze kulungiswe izinto zokunamathisela, kwakha uhlobo olusha lokunamathisela okunamathiselwe ngochungechunge oluyinhloko lwesakhiwo se-polyurethane kanye neqembu lokugcina le-alkoxysilane, elibizwa nge-silane-modified polyurethane sealant (SPU). Ukusabela okuphulukisayo kwalolu hlobo lwe-sealant kufana ne-silicone, okungukuthi, amaqembu e-alkoxy asabela ngomswakama ukuze athole i-hydrolysis kanye ne-polycondensation ukuze enze isakhiwo senethiwekhi esizinzile se-Si-O-Si ezintathu-ntathu (Umfanekiso 3). Amaphoyinti okuxhumanisa inethiwekhi naphakathi kwamaphoyinti okuxhumanisa kukhona izakhiwo zengxenye eziguquguqukayo ze-polyurethane.
1.4 Indlela yokwelapha yama-silyl-terinated polyether sealants
I-silyl-terinated polyether sealant (MS) iyingxenye eyodwa yokunamathisela okunwebeka okusekelwe ekuguqulweni kwe-silane. Ihlanganisa izinzuzo kokubili i-polyurethane ne-silicone, isizukulwane esisha semikhiqizo ye-adhesive sealant, engenawo i-PVC, uwoyela we-silicone, i-isocyanate ne-solvent. Okunamathelayo kwe-MS kusabela nomswakama osemoyeni ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, ukuze i-polymer eyenziwe nge-silanized ene--Si(NOMA) NOMA -SIR (OR)-isakhiwo ifakwe i-hydrolyzed ekugcineni kweketango futhi ixhunywe ku-elastomer ene-Si-O- Si isakhiwo senethiwekhi ukuze kuzuzwe uphawu kanye bonding umphumela. Inqubo yokuphendula yokwelapha imi kanje:
Umfanekiso 4. Indlela yokwelapha ye-silyl-terinated polyether sealant
2. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-elastic sealant asebenzayo engxenye eyodwa
2.1 Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-silicone sealants
⑴Izinzuzo ze-silicone sealant:
① Ukumelana nesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu, ukumelana komoyampilo, ukumelana ne-ozone nokumelana ne-ultraviolet; ② Ukuguquguquka okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
⑵Ububi be-silicone sealant:
①Ukuhlobisa kabusha okubi futhi akupendiwe; ②Amandla ezinyembezi aphansi; ③Ukumelana nowoyela okunganele; ④Ayikwazi ukumelana nokubhoboza; ⑤Isendlalelo esinamathelayo sikhiqiza kalula i-leachate enamafutha engcolisa ukhonkolo, amatshe nezinye izinto ezingaphansi.
2.2 Izinzuzo kanye Nobubi be-Polyurethane Sealants
⑴Izinzuzo ze-polyurethane sealant:
① Ukunamathela okuhle ezinhlobonhlobo zama-substrates; ② Ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi; ③ Ukunwebeka okuhle kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokululama, ezifanele amalunga ashukumisayo; ④ Amandla aphezulu emishini, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nowoyela kanye nokumelana nokuguga kwe-Biological; ⑤ Iningi lengxenye eyodwa yama-polyurethane sealant elapha umswakama ayincibiliki futhi ayinakho ukungcoliswa kwe-substrate nendawo ezungezile; ⑥ Ingaphezulu le-sealant lingapendwa futhi kulula ukulisebenzisa.
⑵Ububi be-polyurethane sealant:
① Uma welashwa endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakamo ophezulu ngesivinini esisheshayo, amabhamuza akhiqizwa kalula, okuthinta ukusebenza kwe-sealant; ② Lapho ukubopha nokuvala izingxenye zama-substrates angenambobo (njengengilazi, insimbi, njll.), i-primer ngokuvamile iyadingeka; ③ Ukungajulile Ifomula yombala isengozini yokuguga kwe-UV, futhi ukuzinza kwe-glue kuthinteka kakhulu ngokupakishwa nezimo zangaphandle; ④ Ukumelana nokushisa nokumelana nokuguga akwanele.
2.3 Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-silane-modified polyurethane sealants
⑴Ubuhle be-silane modified polyurethane sealant:
① Ukwelapha akukhiqizi amabhamuza; ② Inokuvumelana nezimo okuhle, ukumelana ne-hydrolysis kanye nokuzinza kokumelana namakhemikhali; ③ Ukumelana nesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokuguga, ukuzinza kwesitoreji somkhiqizo; ④ Ukuvumelana nezimo okubanzi kuma-substrates, lapho kuhlanganisana Ngokuvamile, asikho isiqalo esidingekayo; ⑤Indawo ingapendwa.
⑵Ububi be-silane modified polyurethane sealant:
① Ukumelana ne-UV akulungile njengalokho kwe-silicone sealant; ② Ukumelana nezinyembezi kubi kakhulu kune-polyurethane sealant.
2.4 Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-silyl-terinated polyether sealants
⑴Ubuhle be-silyl-terinated polyether sealant:
① Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlanganisa kuma-substrates amaningi futhi ingafinyelela isibopho sokwenza kusebenze esingena-primer; ② Inokumelana nokushisa okungcono kanye nokumelana nokuguga kwe-UV kune-polyurethane evamile; ③ Ingapendwa endaweni yayo.
⑵Ububi be-silyl-terinated polyether sealant:
① Ukumelana nesimo sezulu akulungile njengokufana ne-silicone, futhi imifantu ivela phezulu ngemva kokuguga; ② Ukunamathela engilazini kubi.
Ngalesi singeniso esingenhla, sinokuqonda kokuqala kwezinqubo zokwelapha zezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezivame ukusetshenziswa zama-elastic sealant anengxenye eyodwa esebenzayo, futhi ngokuqhathanisa izinzuzo nezinkinga zazo, singakwazi ukuzuza ukuqonda okuphelele komkhiqizo ngamunye. Ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo, i-sealant ingakhethwa ngokuvumelana nezimo zangempela zokufaka isicelo sengxenye yokubopha ukuze kuzuzwe ukubekwa uphawu okuhle noma ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye yesicelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-15-2023